Due to the growing number of patients requiring daily insulin administration, the preference for patient-friendly self-administered devices such as pens and pumps has shifted. Furthermore, not only in industrialized nations but in emerging economies, the number of diabetes patients is increasing. For instance, as per the ADA, each year, diabetes and prediabetes cause $322 billion in economic hardship and treating a diabetic patient costs 2.3 times more than treating a patient without this disease.
Types of Insulin Delivery Devices
Insulin Syringes
In the U.S., syringes are the most prevalent route of insulin administration. Medical syringes are disposable, small, and feature thin needles coated with specific coatings to make injections as painless as possible. To use a syringe to inject insulin, the operator first draws back on the piston to take in air equal to the quantity of insulin to be drawn, then puts the syringe needle into an insulin vial, forces the air into the vial, backs away on the plunger till the right dose is pulled into the syringe barrel, pulls back on the piston until the barrel is emptied, then enters the needle is inserted and presses down on.
Insulin Pens
Insulin pens resemble giant ink pens, which makes them a potentially easy and discrete method to carry insulin. A pen needle is inserted into an insulin pen once the pen cap is removed. The insulin is then released into the air after being dialed in at a very low dose (the precise amount depends on the specific pen). It is necessary to prime the pen to make sure that the insulin is passing through it correctly and that neither the cartridge nor the needle contains any air.
Insulin Pumps
As technology advances and new functions are offered, insulin pumps are growing in popularity. There are currently several pumps in the marketplace that operate with continuous glucose monitoring and can if configured to do so, warn the operator of low or high blood glucose levels. Insulin pumps are increasingly popular among persons with Type 2 diabetes, but they have historically been used largely by those with Type 1 diabetes. For instance, Type 2 diabetes is now more likely to develop in 541 million individuals. The majority of insulin pumps are compact machines the size of a mobile phone.
Advantages of Pump Therapy Are:
• Higher flexibility
• Smaller doses of insulin are delivered precisely (0.025 units minimum)
• Blood sugar fluctuation is reduced
• Aids in the management of blood sugar fluctuations during the night and
• early in the morning
• Sick days are easier to manage
• More exercise management choices
Hence, insulin delivery devices are in high demand due to the increase in the diabetic population, the rise in awareness about these devices, and advancement in technology in diabetes care.
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